Poland
Poland is an EU and Schengen member state. Since 1 January 2026, all in-country residence-permit applications must be filed digitally via the MOS portal (mos.cudzoziemcy.gov.pl), requiring a PESEL and Trusted Profile (login.gov.pl). Decisions on residence permits target 60 days; appeals go to the Head of the Office for Foreigners (UDSC) within 14 days. Poland offers no investor/golden-visa or dedicated digital-nomad program.
Immigration Pathways
(16) Last updated: Jun 7, 2026 · 5 days agoNo pathways match your search.
Combined temporary residence and work permit allowing both stay and employment under one document, valid up to 3 years and renewable.
- Processing time
- Target 60 days from a complete application (often longer in practice)
- Validity
- Up to 3 years, renewable
- Language requirement
- None for the permit itself
- Documents
- 6 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · Counts toward 5 years for EU long-term residence; permanent residence after qualifying grounds
- Citizenship
- Yes · Recognition typically after 3 years of permanent residence
Employer-applied seasonal work permit (via the starosta) for listed sectors, valid up to 9 months per calendar year, with an optional seasonal-work residence permit.
- Processing time
- Starosta registers a complete application within 7 working days
- Validity
- Up to 9 months per calendar year
- Language requirement
- None
- Documents
- 5 required
Permit for managers, specialists, or trainees transferred from a non-EU group entity to a Polish host entity, supporting long-term EU mobility.
- Processing time
- 60 days
- Validity
- Up to 3 years (managers/specialists); 1 year (trainees)
- Language requirement
- None
- Documents
- 8 required
Residence and work permit for highly qualified workers with a higher-education qualification and a contract of at least one year above a salary threshold.
- Processing time
- Max 60 days from a complete application
- Validity
- Contract period + 3 months, max 3 years
- Language requirement
- None for the permit itself
- Documents
- 4 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · Counts toward EU long-term residence (highly-qualified income assessed over 2 years)
- Citizenship
- Yes · Recognition typically after 3 years of permanent residence
Residence permit for full-time studies at a Polish institution; first permit up to 15 months, work allowed without a separate permit.
- Processing time
- 60 days
- Validity
- First permit 15 months; subsequent up to 3 years
- Language requirement
- None for the permit (programme-dependent)
- Documents
- 7 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · Study time counts at 50% toward EU long-term residence
- Citizenship
- Yes · Via permanent residence after qualifying grounds
One-time 9-month permit for graduates of a Polish institution to seek work or start a business; full-time graduates may work without a permit.
- Processing time
- Target 60 days
- Validity
- 9 months (granted once)
- Language requirement
- None
- Documents
- 5 required
Temporary residence permit for running business activity, subject to income or employment thresholds; third-country nationals generally need a qualifying status to run a sole proprietorship.
- Processing time
- 60 days
- Validity
- Up to 3 years, renewable
- Language requirement
- None for the permit itself
- Documents
- 8 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · Counts toward 5 years for EU long-term residence
- Citizenship
- Yes · Recognition typically after 3 years of permanent residence
Residence permit for family members of a sponsor lawfully residing in Poland; family members gain labour-market access.
- Processing time
- 60 days
- Validity
- Up to 3 years
- Language requirement
- None
- Documents
- 8 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · Counts toward 5 years for EU long-term residence
- Citizenship
- Yes · Via permanent residence after qualifying grounds
Residence permit based on a hosting agreement with an approved research institution; includes family reunification and EU mobility rights.
- Processing time
- 60 days
- Validity
- Up to 3 years
- Language requirement
- None
- Documents
- 9 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · Counts toward 5 years for EU long-term residence
- Citizenship
- Yes · Via permanent residence after qualifying grounds
Holders of a valid Pole's Card can obtain an indefinite permanent residence permit, stamp-duty exempt, allowing work without a permit.
- Processing time
- Target 60 days (often longer in practice)
- Validity
- Indefinite (permanent residence)
- Language requirement
- None for this permit (Pole's Card already requires Polish ties)
- Documents
- 5 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · Immediate permanent residence on grant
- Citizenship
- Yes · Recognition typically after qualifying residence period
Persons of Polish origin from eligible territories acquire Polish citizenship by operation of law upon entry on a repatriation visa.
- Processing time
- Variable; depends on settlement condition (decision valid up to 3 years)
- Validity
- Repatriation visa valid 12 months
- Language requirement
- Evidence of Polish origin (no fixed certificate stated)
- Documents
- 8 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · Citizenship on entry (no separate PR needed)
- Citizenship
- Yes · Acquired by operation of law on entry to Poland
Indefinite residence permit granted by the voivode on specified grounds (Polish origin, Pole's Card, protection status, family ties); card renewed every 10 years.
- Processing time
- Not statutorily fixed; in practice commonly 6-12 months
- Validity
- Indefinite (card renewed every 10 years)
- Language requirement
- None (ground-dependent)
- Documents
- 5 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · This is the permanent residence permit
- Citizenship
- Yes · Recognition typically after 3 years of permanent residence
Indefinite EU long-term residence after 5 years' uninterrupted legal residence with stable income and B1 Polish; allows onward EU mobility.
- Processing time
- 60-day target (often longer)
- Validity
- Indefinite (card renewed every 5 years)
- Language requirement
- B1 Polish (state certificate or Polish-medium diploma; under-16 exempt)
- Documents
- 5 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · This is an EU long-term residence permit
- Citizenship
- Yes · Recognition typically after 3 years of permanent residence
Recognition as a Polish citizen by the voivode on statutory grounds (e.g. 3 years' permanent residence), requiring B1 Polish; decided within ~2 months.
- Processing time
- Up to 2 months
- Validity
- Permanent (citizenship)
- Language requirement
- B1 Polish certificate
- Documents
- 4 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · Applicant already holds permanent/long-term residence
- Citizenship
- Yes · Decision up to 2 months from a complete application
Fully discretionary grant of Polish citizenship by the President; no statutory residence/language/income criteria, decision final and unappealable.
- Processing time
- No statutory deadline
- Validity
- Permanent (citizenship)
- Language requirement
- None (discretionary)
- Documents
- 1 required
- Citizenship
- Yes · No statutory timeline; discretionary
Application for refugee status or subsidiary protection lodged via the Border Guard and examined by the Head of UDSC; no fee.
- Processing time
- First instance within 6 months (extendable to 15; 30 days accelerated)
- Validity
- Protection status (refugee/subsidiary), reviewable
- Language requirement
- None
- Documents
- 1 required
- Permanent residence
- Yes · After protection grant, access to permanent residence on qualifying grounds
- Citizenship
- Yes · Recognition possible after 2 years' residence as a recognized refugee